DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array)

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Exploration Technique: DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array)

Details

Activities (6)

Areas (5)

Regions (0)

NEPA(0)

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Exploration Technique Information
Exploration Group:	Geophysical Techniques
Exploration Sub Group:	Electrical Techniques
Parent Exploration Technique:	Electrical Profiling Configurations
Information Provided by Technique
Lithology:	Rock composition, mineral and clay content
Stratigraphic/Structural:	Detection of permeable pathways, fracture zones, faults
Hydrological:	Resistivity influenced by porosity, grain size distribution, permeability, fluid saturation, fluid type and phase state of the pore water
Thermal:	Resistivity influenced by temperature

DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array):

The Dipole-Dipole array is a type of electrode configuration for a Direct-Current Resistivity Survey and is defined by its electrode array geometry.

Other definitions:Wikipedia Reegle

Use in Geothermal Exploration

Property "GeoUse" (as page type) with input value "See also Direct-Current Resistivity Survey</br>The dipole-dipole resistivity survey has been applied towards reservoir delineation as well as resistivity monitoring of a producing geothermal field. Resistivity monitoring may be sensitive to fluid extraction from the reservoir, reinjection of cooler fluids, or porosity reduction resulting from calcite precipitation. '"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"'" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process. See also Direct-Current Resistivity Survey

The dipole-dipole resistivity survey has been applied towards reservoir delineation as well as resistivity monitoring of a producing geothermal field. Resistivity monitoring may be sensitive to fluid extraction from the reservoir, reinjection of cooler fluids, or porosity reduction resulting from calcite precipitation.

Field Procedures

The dipole-dipole electrode array consists of two sets of electrodes, the current (source) and potential (receiver) electrodes. A dipole is a paired electrode set with the electrodes located relatively close to one another; if the electrode pair is widely spaced it is referred to as a bipole. The convention for a dipole-dipole electrode array is to maintain an equal distance for both the current and the potential electrodes (spacing = a), with the distance between the current and potential electrodes as an integer multiple of a. The electrodes do not need to be located along a common survey line.

A primary advantage of the dipole-dipole electrode array is the ease of deployment in the field due to shorter wire lengths. However, a large generator may be needed to transmit a greater current magnitude for the measurement, especially for deep soundings.

DC Resistivity electrode array: Dipole-Dipole configuration and apparent resistivity

Physical Properties

See Electrical Techniques; Direct-Current Resistivity Survey

Potential Pitfalls

See Direct-Current Resistivity Survey

References

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Page	Area	Activity Start Date	Activity End Date	Reference Material
DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array) At Coso Geothermal Area (1977)	Coso Geothermal Area	1977	1977	Dipole-dipole resistivity survey of a portion of the Coso Hot Springs KGRA, Inyo County, California
DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array) At Mt Princeton Hot Springs Geothermal Area (Zohdy, Et Al., 1971)	Mt Princeton Hot Springs Geothermal Area	1971	1971	Resistivity sections, Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado
DC Resistivity Survey (Dipole-Dipole Array) At Waunita Hot Springs Geothermal Area (Heinrichs Geoexploration Company, 1981)	Waunita Hot Springs Geothermal Area	1981	1981	Geothermal resistivity resource evaluation survey Waunita Hot Springs project, Gunnison County, Colorado
Dipole-Dipole Resistivity At Blue Mountain Geothermal Area (Fairbank Engineering Ltd, 2003)	Blue Mountain Geothermal Area	1998	1998	Phase I Report U.S. DOE GRED II Program Electrical Resistivity and Self-Potential Surveys Blue Mountain Geothermal Area, Nevada
Dipole-Dipole Resistivity At Blue Mountain Geothermal Area (Ross, Et Al., 1999)	Blue Mountain Geothermal Area	1988	1988	Electrical Resistivity and Self-Potential Surveys Blue Mountain Geothermal Area, Nevada
Dipole-Dipole Resistivity At Kilauea East Rift Geothermal Area (Kauahikaua & Klein, 1978)	Kilauea East Rift Geothermal Area	1973	1976	Results of Electric Survey in the Area of Hawaii Geothermal Test Well HGP-A

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1. Coso Geothermal Area
2. Mt Princeton Hot Springs Geothermal Area
3. Waunita Hot Springs Geothermal Area
4. Blue Mountain Geothermal Area
5. Kilauea East Rift Geothermal Area

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